Submersible-operated porewater sampler for permeable sediments
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چکیده
A sampler was developed to collect porewater from permeable (sandy) sediments during manned-submersible operations. The sampler uses vacuum (or atmospheric-pressure) reservoirs to draw porewater into a sediment probe and then into inline sample loops. The sampler is relatively inexpensive, easy to construct, and selfcontained, operating without an external power supply. The sample-loop/reservoir system (without the probe) can also be used to sample wells or other apparatus installed in or on the seafloor, and would be comparatively easy to automate. In addition, the sampler should be adaptable to SCUBA diving operations (including rebreather or mixed-gas diving). The sampler was used with Pisces submersibles to determine dissolved chemical profiles in sandy sediments inside and outside the extensive deepwater meadows of macroalgae offshore of the main Hawaiian Islands. The sampler collected porewater (to 25 cm sediment depth) from sites at 40-200 m water depth. Porewater inorganic nutrient concentrations were comparable with those in nearshore permeable sediments, but showed distinct differences between a vegetated and an unvegetated site. *E-mail: [email protected] Acknowledgments This research was supported by NOAA-Ocean Exploration (C.M.S.), the Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory, NOAA National Undersea Research Program (C.M.S.), and the U.S. National Science Foundation (F.J.S.). Clare Reimers and two anonymous reviews provided numerous helpful comments. We especially thank Terry Kerby and Max Cremer (HURL) for skillful submersible piloting and for cheerful tolerance of the very uncomfortably warm conditions of these “warm-water” dives. SOEST Contrib. No. 7229. Limnol. Oceanogr.: Methods 6, 2008, 119–125 © 2008, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc. LIMNOLOGY and OCEANOGRAPHY: METHODS
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تاریخ انتشار 2008